Stokoe2026a

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Stokoe2026a
BibType ARTICLE
Key Stokoe2026a
Author(s) Elizabeth Stokoe, Charles Antaki, Leanne Chrisostomou, Elle Henderson, Simon Stewart
Title The softness of hard data: Discursive psychology, conversation analysis, and psychological science
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Tag(s) EMCA, In press, Conversation analysis, Discursive psychology
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Year 2026
Language English
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Journal Qualitative Psychology
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DOI 10.1037/qup0000358
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Howpublished
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Abstract

Qualitative methods are sometimes criticized on the grounds that they do not provide “hard” data. However, on inspection, hard data turn out to be produced by unavoidably “soft” human interaction and activities. That means that psychologists must work directly with what people do and say and either transform it into abstractions—with potential distortions along the way—or stay with the raw events to see what questions they may answer. We argue for the latter: using discursive psychology and conversation analysis to ground claims about human sociality in the evidence that it provides, unfiltered, in everyday interaction. However, taking this argument further, we demonstrate how discursive psychological and conversation analytic scrutiny may reveal the “softness” of both quantitative (experiments, standardization) and qualitative (interview and survey questions) research tools, with implications for the production, openness, and validity of psychological knowledge.

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